Structure and Ownership

The concept of the public broadcaster originated in Britain in the 1920s when the BBC was founded. (Jacka, 2006, p. 344) However, ABC TV is ultimately accountable to the Australian government. There has been some concern regarding the ABCs political connections, as voiced by Barr. “The notion of a truly independent or autonomous public service broadcasting institution is illusionary.” (2000, p. 64)

 

The ABC must follow the functions and duties set by Parliament, which are outlined in the Charter of the Corporation (ss 6(1) and (2) of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation Act 1983). (Jacka, 2006, p.346)

 

Some of the functions include:

• Broadcasting programs that contribute to a sense of national identity and inform and entertain, and reflect the cultural diversity of, the Australian community;
• Broadcasting programs of an educational nature;
• Transmitting to countries outside Australia, broadcasting programs of news, current affairs, entertainment and cultural enrichment that will encourage awareness of Australia.
• Encourage and promote the musical, dramatic and other performing arts in Australia.

 

(Jacka, 2006, pp. 346-347)

 

Meanwhile, the ABC must also provide a balance between broadcasting programs of mass and niche appeal while being aware of the multicultural character of Australia.

 

There are obviously many connections between the ABC and the federal government. The government generally defines its functions (as stated above), finances it, appoints its directors, and may insist on certain demands being met, such as the broadcasting of parliament. (Wheelwright, 1987, p. 13) This structure evidently affects the practice and content of the ABC.

 

The ABC has faced issues regarding its “political and budgetary control”. (Brand and Pearson, 2001, p. 196) The corporation however, also has alliances with Universities. These relationships show a “class allegiance”, demonstrating authority and supreme figures in the academic world, with supreme national broadcasting. (Ashbolt, 1987, p. 105) This can further perceptions of the ABC as “elitist”.